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Human Geography Important Questions
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Human Geography Important Questions
Human geography is the study of the interrelationships between people, human activity and organization, place, and environment, and how these vary spatially and temporally across and between locations.
It is more allied with the social sciences and humanities, sharing their philosophical approaches and methods.
Human geography uses the full sweep of quantitative and qualitative methods from across the social sciences and humanities, mindful of using them to provide a thorough geographic analysis.
It also places emphasis on fieldwork and mapping, and has made a number of contributions to developing new methods and techniques, notably in the areas of spatial analysis, spatial statistics, and GIScience.
Physical geography concentrates on spatial and environmental processes that shape the natural world and tends to draw on the natural and physical sciences for its scientific underpinnings and methods of investigation, human geography concentrates on the spatial organization and processes shaping the lives and activities of people, and their interactions with places and nature.
Physical geography generally means the science of the Earth’s surface, while human geography usually refers to the study of its peoples, and geographical interpretations of economies, cultural identities, political territories, and societies.
Physical geographers classify and analyze landforms and ecosystems, explain hydrological, geomorphological and coastal processes, and examine problems such as erosion, pollution, and climatic variability.
Human geographers analyze population trends, theorize social and cultural change, interpret geopolitical conflict, and seek to explain the geography of human economic activities around the world.
What distinguishes human geography from other related disciplines, such as development, economics, politics, and sociology, are the application of a set of core geographical concepts to the phenomena under investigation, including space, place, scale, landscape, mobility, and nature.
These concepts foreground the notion that the world operates spatially and temporally, and that social relations do not operate independently of place and environment, but are thoroughly grounded in and through them.
The long-term development of human geography has progressed in tandem with that of the discipline more generally.
Since the Quantitative Revolution in the 1950s and 1960s, the philosophy underpinning human geography research has diversified enormously.
The 1970s saw the introduction of behavioural geography, radical geography, and humanistic geography.
These were followed in the 1980s by a turn to political economy, the development of feminist geography, and the introduction of critical social theory underpinning the cultural turn.
Together these approaches formed the basis for the growth of critical geography, and the introduction of postmodern and post-structural thinking into the discipline in the 1990s.
These various developments did not fully replace the theoretical approaches developed in earlier periods, but rather led to further diversification of geographic thought.
For example, quantitative geography continues to be a vibrant area of geographical scholarship, especially through the growth of GIScience.
The result is that geographical thinking is presently highly pluralist in nature, with no one approach dominating.
Human geography addresses complex issues and concerns that include
- Population and migration dynamics. This examines patterns of population growth, distribution, and movement, including challenges related to migration and displacement, and their impact on human and environmental systems.
- Cultural diversity and cultural geography. These investigate how cultures are spatially distributed, how they interact, and the formation of cultural landscapes, which often involves issues of identity, heritage, and cultural change.
- Economic disparities. This studies the spatial patterns of wealth and poverty, global trade, and the impact of economic development on different regions and societies.
- Geopolitical conflicts. This analyzes the spatial dimensions of political power, conflict, and cooperation on local, national, and global levels, including factors like border disputes and resource wars.
- Environmental sustainability. This explores the complex relationship between human societies and the natural environment, focusing on issues like resource management, climate change impacts, and strategies for creating more sustainable futures.
- Managing migration and resource distribution.
- Analyzing the impact of climate change on human societies.
- Addressing cultural interactions and regional disparities across various local and global scales.
- Urbanization and Settlement. This analyzes the expansion of cities, the development of settlements, and their spatial organization, along with the social, economic, and environmental implications of urban and regional growth.
- Global Health. This investigates the geographical patterns of diseases and health-related issues, and how these patterns are influenced by social, economic, and environmental factors.
- Interdisciplinary Approaches and Tools. Human geography draws from and contributes to other fields, including sociology, economics, political science, and environmental science, to understand complex human-environment interactions.
- Geographic Information Systems (GIS). These powerful tools allow geographers to analyze spatial data, visualize distributions, and model spatial processes, aiding in research and planning for various issues.
- Policy and Planning. Human geographers are involved in practical applications, contributing to urban and regional planning, developing policies for community development, and addressing issues like food security and climate adaptation.
- Historical Geography.
- Political Geography.
- Rural Geography.
- Social Geography.
- Transport Geography.
- Urban Geography.
Human Geography
Human geography is a major subdiscipline within the wider subject field of geography.
Traditionally, geography is considered the study of the Earth’s environments and peoples, and the interactions between them.
Geography comes from ancient Greek, literally translating as ‘to write or describe the world’.
The two fundamental halves of geography are physical and human.
Human geographers tend to explore social, economic, cultural, political, and demographic dimensions of human existence, and situate analysis in geographical space (conceptualized across and between scales from the body to the city, nation, and the globe).
While diversity defines contemporary human geography, there are common questions of geographical scale, causality, agency and structure, interrelationships and networks, and place and movements.
Human geographers are concerned with observed distributions and analytical explanation.
They invariably focus on the spatial and, whether implicit or explicit, reflect on the moral and political dimensions of human activities.
Our website will explore issues, challenges, and possible solutions for
- Africa: A continent with great challenges and opportunities
- The socio-cultural aspects of energy, biodiversity, livelihoods, and food security in Nigeria, South Africa, Morocco, Ethiopia, Sierra Leone, Ghana, Tunisia, Namibia, Tanzania, Malawi, Zambia, and Zimbabwe.
- The challenges of implementing renewable energies, studies of governance and aid policy and global health issues including informed immunization, reproductive health, and health system development.
- Asia: Economic growth with increasing inequality
- China’s proposed New Silk Road
- Economic growth for middle income nations in Southeast Asia
- E-commerce
- Global pollution
- Food and Agriculture
- Food and Nutrition
- Endangered species conservation
- Coral reef destruction
- Deforestation
- Water security
- The Developed World vs the Developed World
- The Human Development Index
- Distinctive demographic and cultural characteristics, differing in how people earn their living, how the societies use their wealth, and other economic characteristics.
- The burden of death, disease, and disability – particularly in developing countries. The resulting impacts are estimated to cause about 25% of death and disease globally, reaching nearly 35% in regions such as sub-Saharan Africa due to poor water quality, sanitation, vector-borne diseases, poor ambient and indoor air quality, toxic substances, global environmental change.
- Life on less than US$2 per day. Some 2.5 billion people or 43 percent of the total population of the developing world lived on less than USD2 per day in 2018 according to World Bank calculations from February 2019. Of those, nearly a third or 800 million people struggled to survive on not even on USD1 per day.
- Inequality-adjusted Human Development Index, gender inequality, multidimensional poverty.
- Agricultural Issues: Commodities and markets; conservation and sustainability; costs and returns of production; food security; genetically-modified crops; internationalization; crop and lifestock choice, production, safety; public policy that regulates science and technology developments and the challenges facing agriculture in an e-commerce world; sugar consumption in the United Kingdom and the United States; land use
- Geographic Information Systems (GIS) Mapping. This includes the spatial interconnectivity in planning stage and mapping of minerals, pipeline corridors, transportation, land cover, urban development, environmental impact assessment, coastal erosion, and disaster analysis.
- Global Health. Global health research focuses on the interdependence of the health determinants, transnational health risks and policy responses of countries, role of international organizations, and many other actors in the global health field. Drawing on perspectives from anthropology and political science, the major topics in global health include global health governance, global health initiatives, epidemiology, and medical and health geography.
- Population Studies. We will discuss a broad, interdisciplinary coverage of population research, and offers an up-to-date and solid basis of information on the policy implications of recent research relevant to the causes and consequences of changing population size and composition – and includes demographic, economic, social, political, and health research.
- Population Dynamics. Demographers study population determinants and consequences including size, composition, how populations change over time and the processes influencing those changes.
- Demographers deal with the collection, presentation, and analysis of data relating to the basic life-cycle events and experiences of people: birth, marriage, divorce, household and family formation, migration, employment, ageing, and death.
- They also examine compositions of populations by sex, age, race, ethnicity, occupation, education, religion, marital status, and living arrangements.
- Migration and Tourism – why people move in Latin America, Asia, Eastern Europe, North America, Western Europe, North Africa, the Middle East.
- Transportation Geography. We will examine the transportation or movement of people, goods, and information in or across different regions. It can have a local focus in a city, as well as a regional, national, or international scale.
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As long as money makes it go around, the world will need its accountants.
Accounting is the language of business. It is an important analysis tool that provides management with financial information that can be used to lead a business, plan ahead and to make contingency plans.
It provides the most vital information we need to understand how our business grows, makes money, where the profit of a business goes, and what our cash flow is.
If we do not understand the basic principles of Accounting, we cannot run a business, nor can we even hope to help a business grow and profit.
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EXPERIENCED TUTORS FOR BIOLOGY
Known as the Natural Science, Biology involves the study of life and living organisms at the molecular and cellular levels.
This includes their chemical and physical structures, functions, development, evolution and interaction with the natural environment.
Students learn about Biology from the time they are in primary school, where Biology is taught as a general science.
Biology is then progressively taught in secondary school, with all its branches like genetics, anatomy, zoology and botany.
Biology majors learn to be precise, systematic, and detail oriented as they carry out their research and laboratory projects.
The skills that Biology majors acquire can be applied to both scientific and non-scientific jobs after graduation.
Even though some Biological concepts are initially difficult to grasp, the reward in terms of obtaining good grades and a subsequent high-paying career can make all the effort worth it.
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We all do Chemistry every day!
Chemistry affects the food that we eat, the water we drink, the clothes we wear, the air and the medicine/vitamins that we take.
Chemistry explains how soap and shampoo keep us clean, why an egg changes when we fry or boil it, why an autumn leaf turns red and why perfumes smell the way they do.
Chemistry is known as the Central Science.
It bridges other natural sciences like Physics and Mathematics, Biology and Medicine, and the Earth and Geology/Environmental Sciences.
Chemistry is the study of the structure and properties of matter and substances – and the reactions that change them into other substances.
The behavior of atoms, molecules, and ions determines the sort of world we live in, our shapes and sizes, and even how we feel on a given day.
And really, everything (including us) is made out of atoms and chemical compounds.
Even though some Chemistry concepts are initially difficult to grasp, the reward in terms of obtaining good grades and a subsequent high-paying career can make all the effort worth it.
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Scientific trials have found that people who speak more than one language use their brain in different ways.
This can lead to an increase of creative ideas, as the brain is being pushed in different ways than it is otherwise used to.
Currently, many different memory loss recovery techniques are based around visualizations and information simulations that try to access the use of different parts of the brain, as these initiatives seem to be able to help the brain re-ignite itself.
And, studies have shown that Mandarin speakers do use both sides of their brains!
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If you’re the analytical type, fascinated by the world around you, then an Economics major might be a good choice for you.
A degree in Economics can be used in many areas, including public policy and finance.
You can use an Economics degree to study industry trends, labor markets, the prospects for individual companies, and the forces that drive the economy.
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It turns out that even the digital economy needs people who are good with words.
Without a sufficient understanding of words, students cannot communicate effectively with others, and cannot adequately express their own ideas.
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Every year, just as there are hundreds of students who score As for General Paper at the A Levels, there are also many students who find GP to be difficult.
Papers 1 and 2 are challenging, but it is definitely possible to score distinctions and attain a good pass.
A well-written General Paper essay is imbued with a wide variety of exemplifications that are written by someone who is well-read and is capable of insightful and reflective persuasive writing.
You also need to read, comprehend, infer, summarize and paraphrase sentences from essays written by intellectuals, journalists, scientists, politicians, philosophers and leaders in their respective fields.
Some of what they write may or may not agree with your own value systems. Or, their concepts are totally new (and foreign) to you.
Many students have difficulty with the Application Question at the end of the Comprehension section, because students have to relate the main ideas of the passage to the Singaporean context.
And you have to convincingly argue in your analysis if the thoughts and opinions of the author are relevant, applicable and valid when seen from a local perspective.
One of the ways to excel in General Paper is to have a strong understanding of how our world works.
We need to be familiar with the major disparate issues that affects us all – society, economics, politics, business, history, the arts, the environment and their interrelationships.
General Paper trains us to be precise, systematic, and detail oriented as we carry out our research and case study projects.
The skills that General Paper majors acquire can be applied to diverse corporate/job environments after graduation.
Even though some concepts are initially difficult to grasp, the reward in terms of obtaining good grades and a subsequent high-paying career can make all the effort worth it.
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EXPERIENCED TUTORS FOR GEOGRAPHY
Geography has been called “the mother of all Sciences”.
It was one of the first fields of study and academic disciplines that developed as humans sought to find out what was on the other side of the mountain or across the sea.
Exploration led to discovery of our planet and its amazing resources.
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History is fascinating because it takes us back into the times of kings, princesses, horses, warriors, geniuses, wars, inventions and discoveries.
We live in the present. We want to plan for and worry about the future.
History, however, is the study of the past.
History is a great subject to study; you just have to take the broader view of what is valuable in your life.
For example, there is scientific evidence that evolution is what has enabled society to transform to its current state.
Can this past evidence be used to determine future evolutions?
This is something that History students have to enquire everyday as they interact with the past.
History is important for young students to learn because it helps them to connect the past with the present and understand the direction that society is taking for the future.
History also helps young learners to understand different cultures.
Even though some History concepts are initially difficult to grasp, the reward in terms of obtaining good grades and a subsequent high-paying career can make all the effort worth it.
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Cultures are built on stories – histories, myths and legends, fables, and religions.
Literature takes students out of their own lives and lets them experience things that are new and challenging.
It encourages them to imagine possibilities and to think about ways the world could be different.
We expand our horizons through vicarious experiences.
We get to visit new places, gain new experiences, and meet new people.
Literature teaches us about the past as well as the present, and allows us to learn about a variety of cultures, including our own.
Through poems and literary books, we discover the common goals and similar emotions found in people from all times and places.
Few textbooks could be said to do the same thing.
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About 1.5 billion people around the world speak English whether as their native language or as a foreign language, and this number is still growing.
Globally however, 5.5 billion people don’t speak any English at all.
The two biggest economies in Southeast Asia are Indonesia and Malaysia.
Should you wish to do trade and business in these countries, knowing how to speak the language is a huge advantage.
There are more than 230 million speakers of both Bahasa Melayu and Bahasa Indonesia in our region, making it among the top 10 most spoken languages in the world.
Its native speakers extend up to Brunei, Southern Thailand, Singapore, Sri Lanka and the Sulu archipelago in the Philippines.
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Math one of the oldest sciences known to Man.
Mathematics is often referred to as “The Queen of the Sciences”, and uses a great deal of logic and quantitative reasoning.
As a result, Mathematics has applications in numerous other subjects.
In fact, many other subjects rely so heavily on Mathematics that their most important questions are, fundamentally, Math problems.
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Because each of the other natural sciences biology, chemistry, geology, material science, medicine, engineering, and others, work with systems which adhere to the laws of physics, physics is often referred to as the “Fundamental Science”.
Approximately 5000 years ago, the Chinese were the first to use magnetic energy. They relied upon the pull of magnetic iron objects to guide navigators and, thanks to the Earth’s magnetic field, point them in the direction of north.
About 2500 years ago, the Greek philosopher Thales was credited with discovering electrical energy. By rubbing fur against a piece of amber, Thales found that dust and other particles clung to the amber with what is known as an electrostatic force.
Physics is the study of the fundamental elements of the universe: energy and matter.
Physics investigates how the universe began, what it consists of, how it changes and according to what rules.
Physicists explore the skies to find distant worlds, and watch changes in the atmosphere to forecast the weather.
They search the ocean floor and beneath it to find minerals, and smash atoms to find energy resources and new methods to diagnose disease.
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EXPERIENCED TUTORS FOR SCIENCE
Science is the systematic study of the structure and behavior of the physical, social, and natural worlds through observation and experimentation.
It is key to innovation, global competitiveness, and human advancement.
It is important that the world continues to advance the field of Science, whether it’s finding new cures for cancer and other diseases or identifying and exploring new galaxies.
The process of Science is a way of building knowledge about the universe – constructing new ideas that illuminate and improve the world around us.
Like anywhere around the world, the main branches of Science taught in Singapore secondary schools are Physics, Chemistry and Biology.
Students are able to choose their own Science specializations when in upper secondary, and they learn General Science in primary school and lower secondary school.
Take a look at the wide range of careers that we have listed on this page, and you will agree that having a strong background in Science is very useful.
Even though some concepts are initially difficult to grasp, the reward in terms of obtaining good grades and a subsequent high-paying career can make all the effort worth it.
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EXPERIENCED TUTORS FOR SOCIAL STUDIES
The theme of “Being Rooted and Living Global” runs through the entire Social Studies syllabus.
Social Studies is the integrated study of the social sciences and humanities – to promote civic competence.
In many countries – Singapore included – the Social Studies content that is taught in schools provides coordinated and systematic knowledge. Globally, Social Studies draws upon disciplines that include anthropology, archaeology, economics, geography, history, law, philosophy, political science, psychology, religion, and sociology, as well as appropriate content from the humanities, mathematics, and natural sciences.
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EXPERIENCED TUTORS FOR THE TAMIL LANGUAGE
The Tamil language has an estimated history of more than 3000 years.
Tamil had a well-defined grammatical treatise named “Tholkappiyam” even 2500 years ago.
The maturity and finesse of this oldest literary work indicates that Tamil literature has even longer history than estimated.
Tamil literature is also a part of curriculum of many international universities. Tamil is the first language of the state of Tamil Nadu and the union territory Pondicherry in India.
There is a significant amount of Tamil population in Sri Lanka, Malaysia and Singapore. There are large communities of Tamil speakers in many other countries like Indonesia, United Kingdom, Canada, Mauritius, Australia, USA, London, and South Africa.
To connect with this massive market of over 80 million Tamil speakers worldwide, knowing and use of some Tamil will certainly brighten the prospects of boosting your career and social network.
Many scholars and linguists learn Tamil literature because of its richness and variety.
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